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Table 2 Annual insolation results obtained from data sources and modeling

From: Community-scale assessment of rooftop-mounted solar energy potential with meteorological, atlas, and GIS data: a case study of Guelph, Ontario (Canada)

Orientation and data source

Annual insolation (MJ/m2)

Horizontal (β = 0)

 Interactive maps of Canada

4,930

 mL&J real sky B + D

4,310

South-facing optimum tilt for B + D (β = 28°, γ = 0°)

 mL&J real sky B + D

4,790

 mL&J real sky B + D + G

4,860

Fully optimized tilt and azimuth for B + D (β = 30°, γ = 342°)

 mL&J real sky B + D

4,840

 mL&J real sky B + D + G

4,910

South-facing wall (β = 90, γ = 0°)

 Interactive maps of Canada

3,830

 mL&J real sky B + D

2,800

 mL&J real sky B + D + G

3,370

  1. As derived from values provided in Table1 and from real-sky results obtained with the modified Liu and Jordan model[35] and ERS data, including the total (beam, diffuse, and ground-reflected; B + D + G) insolation.