Table 2 Economic parameters of all considered technologies
From: Optimisation of hybrid off-grid energy systems by linear programming
Technology | Unit | Photovoltaic | Wind turbine | Diesel generator | Lead-acid battery |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Investment cost | €/kW (€/kWh for battery) | 2,835.00 | 5,832.00 | 596.00 | 148.00 |
Lifespan | years | 20 | 20 | 20 | 5 |
Interest rate | % | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
CRF | - | 0.1175 | 0.1175 | 0.1175 | 0.2638 |
Annualised | €/kW | 333.00 | 685.02 | 70.01 | 39.04 |
Investment cost | (€/kWh for battery) | ||||
Maintenance and operation cost | % of investment cost | 2 | 2 | 6.4 | 2 |
Maintenance and operation cost | €/kW (€/kWh for battery) | 56.70 | 116.64 | 38.08 | 2.96 |
STMGC | €/kWhelectr | 0 | 0 | 0.25 (India), 0.18 (Colombia) | 0 |