Alternative fuels from forest residues for passenger cars - an assessment under German framework conditions

Table 3 The technical and economic parameters of the vehicles

	Commuter car						All-purpose car
Motor	Electric		Gaseous fuel		Diesel		Electric		Gaseous fuel		Diesel
2020 scenario^a	E^b	B, G^c	G	B, E	B	E, G	E^b	B, G^c	G	B, E	B	E, G
Technical parameters
Mass of glider [kg]^d	595						1,060
Mass of tank or battery [kg]	143	174	47		42		710	868	84		70
Total mass [kg]	823	854	748	749	757	758	1,870	2,028	1,269	1,270	1,300	1,301
Consumption [kWh/100 km]^e	13	14	50.4	56.7	38.7	39.8	17.9	19	57.6	64.8	59.4	61.1
Economic, costs (excl. taxes) [€₂₀₁₁]
Glider^f	9,000						18,700
Energy storage^b,c	6,231	8,354	576	633	100		30,824	41,578	720	792	100
Total car acquisition	16,231	18,354	13,388	13,606	12,000		50,254	61,278	23,051	23,167	22,700
Environmental, car life cycle GHG emissions[t CO₂-Eq/car life]^g
	6.4	7.0	3.4		3.4		20.4	23.7	5.7		5.8

Technical, economic, and environmental parameters and impacts of the production of commuter and all-purpose cars with electric, gaseous fuel, and diesel propulsion technology for the three scenarios business as usual (B), gas age (G), and E-mobility age (E) 2020. ^aB, business as usual; G, gas age; E, e-mobility age; ^bLi ion battery, energy density 145 Wh/kg based on[28–31]; costs 300 €/kWh based on own learning curves and[15, 32–35], c.f. Additional file1 for details; ^cLi ion battery, energy density 125 Wh/kg, costs 383 €/kWh, based on the same sources and learning curves; ^dCar without propulsion technology and tank/battery. Optimistic assumptions based on[28, 36–41]. ^eElectric car, own calculations based on[42–46]. Other cars, based on[47–52], and application to weighted CADC cycles as described in Table 5. ^fCar without propulsion technology, based on car prices in 2011 and[53]; ^gCalculated using Ecoinvent 2.2 database with several adaptions, including traction battery change. Car operation and fuel production emissions are not included.

ISSN: 2192-0567