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Table 3 Comparison of regional value-added (RVA) of renewable energy by type of technology for Germany and Japan

From: Regional economic effects of renewable energies - comparing Germany and Japan

Regional value-added (RVA)*

Solar

Wind

Hydro

Biomass

150 kW (roof)

1,000 kW (ground)

2,000 kW (onshore)

200 kW

5,000 kW (wood)

Germany

Japan

JP/GER

Germany

Japan

JP/GER

Germany

Japan

JP/GER

Germany

Japan

JP/GER

Germany

Japan

JP/GER

At planning/construction stage (JPY/kW)

27,066

14,307

 

20,595

18,013

 

11,194

18,089

 

124,981

136,639

 

18,532

33,693

 

RVA as percent of indirect investment cost

22.0%

13.1%

−8.9%

22.4.%

13.4%

−9.0%

23.7%

13.8%

−9.9%

43.9

13.8%

−30.1%

26.6%

17.6%

−9.0%

of which: business profits after tax

20.4%

6.6%

−13.8%

20.0%

6.7%

−13.3%

18.6%

6.9%

−11.7%

61.0%

6.9%

−54.1%

42.1%

7.1%

−35.0%

of which: personal income after tax

72.7%

87.7%

15.0%

73.1%

87.5%

14.4%

74.8%

87.4%

12.6%

36.1%

87.4%

51.3%

52.2%

80.3%

28.2%

of which: regional tax income

6.9%

5.7%

−1.2%

6.8%

5.8%

−1.0%

6.8%

5.8%

−1.0%

2.8%

5.8%

3.0%

5.8%

12.5%

6.8%

At system operation stage (JPY/kW)

9,926

12,614

 

11,917

10,616

 

6,963

9,396

 

24,873

56,808

 

33,639

42,004

 

RVA as percent revenue from system operation

25.8%

30.0%

4.2%

33.4%

28.1%

−5.3%

26.8%

24.4%

−2.4%

27.6%

31.9%

4.3%

24.6%

20.8%

−3.8%

of which: business profits after tax

70.0%

47.1%

−22.9%

73.9%

46.7%

−27.2%

74.2%

46.2%

−28.0%

62.2%

50.3%

11.9%

51.8%

27.6%

−24.2%

of which: personal income after tax

15.2%

32.3%

17.1%

12.3%

31.0%

18.7%

13.1%

28.5%

15.4%

22.5%

30.8%

8.3%

37.1%

61.8%

24.7%

of which: regional tax income

14.8%

20.5%

5.7%

13.8%

22.3%

8.5%

12.7%

25.2%

12.5%

15.3%

18.9%

3.6%

11.1%

10.6%

−0.5%

  1. *Calculation of regional value-added (RVA) based on primary research data for Japan (in 2012) and from IÖW for Germany (in 2012; data refer to aggregated facility stock for solar installations) (Hirschl B, Heinbach K, Prahl A, Salecki S, Schröder A, Aretz A, Weiß : Wertschöpfung durch Erneuerbare Energien – Ermittlung der Effekte auf Länder- und Bundesebene, forthcoming)/exchange rate: 130JPY/Euro.