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Table 3 Legal institutionalization across institutional levels

From: Smart design rules for smart grids: analysing local smart grid development through an empirico-legal institutional lens

Across action situations at various levels (i.e. P2P housing associations and tenants)

Level

Actions and outcomes concerning legal institutions (conception, instantiation, operation)

Collective choice situation (CCS)

Setting governance structures

Second-order legal institutions: long-term relations (P2P and P2O)

Outcome of CS

Written institutive, consequential and terminative rules; occurrences of first-, second- and third-order legal institutions

• Legal ability space (generally) for contracting between participants

• Unilaterally limited legal ability space housing associations

 - annual rent increase of 2.5% or after improvement measures on the dwelling (prior agreement from tenants needed)

 - Maximum rent for social housing (€710.68, 2015)

• Indirectly unilaterally limited legal ability space for tenants

 - Maximum income to qualify for rental subsidy of €34,611 (in 2015), maximum rent of €710.68 (in 2015)

• 70% of tenants have to agree to measures in housing complexes

Constitutional situation (CS)

Setting institutional environments

• Conception, instantiation and operation of third-order legal institution of a regulated market

Introducing, altering, terminating RoPs:

• Dutch Housing Act 2015

• Dutch Rental Subsidy Act 1997