Table 5 Overview of key results from simulated flexible and non-flexible bioenergy power generation in the case study

Renewable share (REN share)

26.8% (other renewables)

34.9% (other renewables + non-flexible bioenergy)

35.0% (other renewables + flexible bioenergy)

Variance in daily residual load

–

100%

70% (reduced by 30%^a)

Maximum positive RL (deficit power)

10,440 MW

9801 MW (100%)

9458 MW (reduced by 4%^a)

Minimum negative RL (excess power)

- 1965 MW

- 2604 MW (100%)

- 2362 MW (reduced by 11%^a)

Hours of negative RL

42 h/a

98 h/a

70 h/a

BE power production in times of negative RL

–

44.1 GWh/a

26.5 GWh/a (reduced by 40%)

Avoided BE power production in times of negative RL

–

–

17.6 GWh/a