Table 2 Options considered for low-carbon strategy in WAPP electricity system
Low-carbon technology | Reference technology | Remark |
|---|---|---|
Off-grid hybrid wind-diesel | Off-grid diesel gen | Generation technology |
Off-grid solar PV | Off-grid diesel gen | Generation technology |
Small hydropower | Off-grid diesel gen | Generation technology |
Wind turbines | Simple cycle gas turbine (SCGT) | Generation technology |
Concentrating solar thermal power (CSP) | SCGT | Generation technology |
Solar PV (grid) | SCGT | Generation technology |
Biomass | SCGT | Generation technology |
Hydropower | SCGT | Generation technology |
Supercritical coal with carbon capture and storage (CCS) | Subcritical coal | Generation technology |
Combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) | SCGT | Generation technology |
EE CFL lighting (grid) | Incandescent lighting | Demand side management |
EE CFL lighting (off-grid) | Incandescent lighting | Demand side management |
T & D losses | Improved system operations | T & D |