Analyzing long-term empirical interactions between renewable energy generation, energy use, human capital, and economic performance in Pakistan

Table 2 Results of KPSS analysis

Variables	LM (statistic)	Fd.-Tr.	KPSS critical value (5%)	Unit root
EG_R	0.143	Fd.-Tr.	0.135	Yes
EU_A	0.145	Fd.-Tr.	0.135	Yes
EP	0.239	Fd.-Tr.	0.135	Yes
HC_IN	0.194	Fd.-Tr.	0.135	Yes
ΔEG_R	0.067	Fd.-Tr.	0.135	No
ΔEU_A	− 0.003	Fd.-Tr.	0.135	No
ΔEP	0.119	Fd.-Tr.	0.135	No
ΔHC_IN	0.085	Fd.-Tr.	0.135	No

KPSS Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test, LM Lagrange multiplier, Tr. trend, Fd. fixed, EG_R renewable energy generation, EU_A aggregated energy use, EP economic performance, HC_IN human capital index

ISSN: 2192-0567