Table 1 Number of survey respondents and interview participants in each clean cooking sectors
From: Powering jobs: the employment footprint of clean cooking solutions in Kenya
Clean cooking technology type | Value chain activity | Estimated number of companies in the Kenyan market | Number of companies or facilities included in study sample | Estimated market representation (by production volume or sales) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Electric cooking | EPC sales and distribution | Less than 10 companies provide off-grid and weak-grid appropriate electric cooking solutions | The sample includes 5 survey responses | 50% |
Bioethanol | Fuel production | 3 companies produce bioethanol in Kenya for beverages and fuel | The survey captures one of the fuel producers | 33% |
Wholesale and distribution | Less than 5 companies are working in bioethanol wholesale | The sample relied on the wholesale employment factor provided by 3 survey responses, including a bioethanol fuel producer and a wholesaler | 50% | |
Retail sales and distribution | Less than 5 companies on the market are actively selling bioethanol to end-users. Most of them are selling in urban and peri-urban areas | The survey captured 2 of the largest companies that are currently selling bioethanol directly to end-users | 70% | |
Bioethanol equipment manufacturing | As far as authors are aware, there are less than 3 companies that manufacture bioethanol stoves and other equipment | One company responded to the survey for this category | 30% | |
Bioethanol stove sales and distribution | As far as authors are aware, there are less than 10 companies that are selling bioethanol stoves and other equipment | 3 companies responded to the survey | 30% | |
Biogas | Importing and assembly | 6 companies importing biogas digesters | 3 companies responded to the survey | 50% |
Manufacturing and fabrication | Less than 5 companies manufacture biogas digesters in Kenya | 2 companies responded to the survey | 40% | |
Installation and construction | There are in total 153 companies that are installing and constructing small-scale biogas digesters, and 147 of them are the BCEs | Through interview with BioNet, we were able to get insights into the BCEs; 3 other biogas companies also responded to the survey | 95% | |
After-sale service | See above, all 153 companies are trained to provide after-sale service | Through interview with BioNet, we were able to get insights into the BCEs; 3 other biogas companies also responded to the survey | 95% | |
Biogas stoves manufacturing and fabrication | N/A. Not known number of companies manufacturing biogas stoves as of 2019 | 1 company responded to the survey | N/A | |
Biogas stoves sales and distribution | NA. Not known number of companies selling biogas stoves as of 2019 | 2 companies responded to the survey | N/A | |
LPG | Bulk import and wholesale | 65 licensed, as of June 2018, 16 reported actively importing LPG. [16, 23] | The sample captures only importing activities through the Kenyan–Tanzanian border, through 1 survey response and interview with EDA | 3% |
Bulk transportation | 98 licensees that operate 402 fleets for LPG bulk transportation. [23] | 5 companies responded to the survey | 60% | |
Filling and storage | 63 storage and filling facilities operated by 61 companies. [23] | The sample captures 35 companies who together operates 37 storage and filling facilities | 60% | |
Wholesale in cylinder | 150 companies licensed as wholesaler for LPG in cylinders. However, GLPGP reported that as of June 2018, only 48 of them are actively selling, who together operates more than 1000 fleets to distribute LPG cylinders to selling points. [23] | The sample covers 6 survey responses, including 2 of the biggest LPG marketers in Kenya and a few smaller companies. Interview with EDA also brought insights in the calculation. EDA’s members alone sell about 55% of the LPG in cylinders | 70% | |
Retail sales in cylinder | It is estimated that there are more than 10,000 retail businesses, while only 5,762 of them are licensed by EPRA, many of them operated by the 48 LPG marketers. [23] | The study only attempts to capture the retail activities through secondary insights from the LPG marketers’ survey responses and interview with EDA. There are 5 survey responses that provide insights on LPG retail activities, either via their own fuel stations, or through local distributors | 70% | |
Cylinder manufacturing and revalidation | 7 companies manufacture LPG cylinders. [16] | 3 of cylinder manufacturing and revalidation companies responded to the survey, including the largest cylinder manufacturer in Kenya | 80% | |
LPG stove sales and distribution | N/A. Not known number of companies selling LPG stoves as of 2019 | 3 companies responded to the survey | N/A |