From: The value of community technology workers for LPG use: A pilot in Shirati, Tanzania
Overall | Kabwana | Michire | Mara Region | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (s.d.) | Mean (s.d.) | Mean (s.d.) | Mean (s.d.) | |
Panel A: Demographic | ||||
Household Size (Individuals) | 6.1 (2.2) | 6.7 (2.1) | 5.3 (2.2) | 5.9 |
Age (Years) | 48 (18.72) | 43.9 (17.6) | 51.4 (19.6) | 47 (14.8) |
Age Range (Years) | [21, 90] | [23,90] | [21, 85] | [13, 97] |
Female Main Cook | 97% | 100% | 93% | |
Occupation | ||||
Cares for Home and Children | 23% | 13% | 27% | a |
Farmer | 47% | 53% | 40% | |
Business | 30% | 33% | 33% | |
Marital status | ||||
Single | 17% | 20% | 13% | 6% |
Married | 60% | 60% | 60% | 70% |
Divorced | 0% | 0% | 0% | 8% |
Widow | 23% | 20% | 27% | 16% |
Education level | ||||
No Education | 13% | 7% | 20% | 21% |
Primary | 67% | 80% | 53% | 62% |
Secondary | 17% | 7% | 27% | 12% |
University | 3% | 7% | 0% | 5% |
Panel B: baseline energy usage | ||||
Grid | ||||
Connected to the National Grid | 23% | 20% | 27% | 20.8% |
Cost per Month (USD/month) | 5.1 (3.7) | 3.8 (3.8) | 5.9 (4.3) | 1.2 (1.2) |
Solar | ||||
Panels | 17% | 20% | 13% | 26.6% |
Solar Lanterns | 43% | 33% | 53% | 31%b |
Cost per Panel (USD/panel) | 60.3 (42.8) | 73.9 (67.6) | 46.7 (67.6) | 38.0 (51.2) |
Installation Fee (USD) | 76.0 (64.6) | 30.4 (0) | 121.8 (0) | |
Kerosene for lighting | 23% | 40% | 7% | 12.3%c |
Liters per Day | 0.14 (0.11) | 0.14 (0.12) | 0.165 (0) | |
Cost per Day | 0.15 (0.07) | 0.14 (.07) | 0.21 (0) | 0.07 (0.1) |
Cooking fuel types | Only tracked primary fuel | |||
Firewood Only | 33% | 13% | 53% | 72.9% |
Charcoal Only | 13% | 20% | 7% | 23.5% |
Firewood and Charcoal | 54% | 67% | 40% | N/A |
LPG | 0% | 0% | 0% | 1.4% |
Charcoal | ||||
Sacks per Month | 1.6 (2.25) | 2.1 (3.0) | 1.0 (.9) | |
Cost per Day (USD/day) (if using charcoal) | 0.4 (0.24) | 0.3(0.2) | 0.5 (0.26) | 0.19 (0.16) |
Firewood | ||||
Cost per Day (USD/day) (if purchasing firewood) | 0.52 (0.26) | 0.41 (.03) | 0.76 (0.15) | 0.25 (0.22) |
Hours Collecting Firewood per Day Source of firewood | 0.83 (0.5) | 0.66 (0.6) | 0.94 (0.43) | |
Both Buying and Collecting | 37% | 33% | 3% | |
Only Collecting | 43% | 3% | 40% | |
Only Buying | 7% | 3% | 3% | |
Neither | 13% | 10% | 3% | |
Total expenditure on cooking fuels | ||||
No Cooking Fuel Expense (i.e., only collecting firewood and no charcoal use) | 27% | 0% | 53% | 20% |
Total Cooking Fuel Expense (USD/day) (if purchasing cooking fuel) | 0.68 (0.4) | 0.73 (0.3) | 0.57 (0.4) | 0.32 (.25) |