Table 3 Main characteristics and challenges for energy transition in the WB region
Country | Main challenges |
|---|---|
Albania | 43% of total water potential is used The government has pledged that 38% of total electricity will be produced from renewable sources by the end of 2020 The estimated potential of the SHPPs up to 10 MW is 1963 MW The existing installed capacity of power plants up to 10 MW is 12% or 240.19 MW Construction of the SHPPs is much slower than expected (one of the possible reasons being lack of finances) |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | The electricity market is quite underdeveloped The state has 3 energy bodies The government has pledged that 40% of total electricity will be produced from renewable sources by the end of 2020 There is no national law on renewable energy sources The estimated potential of the SHPPs is 1005 MW or 3520 GWh The insufficient use of water potential is caused primarily by the administration, unstable market, corruption |
Republic of North Macedonia | The most important renewable sources are water and biomass The government has pledged that 28% of total electricity will be produced from renewable sources by the end of 2020 The estimated potential of the SHPPs is 260 MW The total installed capacity in 2016 was 130 MW The main obstacles: it is necessary to reassess the capacity (due to the possibility that potentials are overestimated in certain places), investment costs, complicated procedure for obtaining permits |
Montenegro | Hydropower is and will be the main source of electricity The total installed capacity in 2016 was 25, out of a total of 16 facilities built, 7 were old and over 30 years old The set of laws were adopted in order to harmonize national laws and regulations with the European ones Some of the obstacles: lack of general water management plans, inadequate distribution and transmission network, low demand for electricity in the territory where the potential of water resources is greatest |
Republic of Serbia | The government has pledged that 27% of total electricity will be produced from renewable sources by the end of 2020 The estimated potential of the SHPPs is approximately 467 MW The total installed capacity in 2018 was 87.6 MW (19%) Obstacles: frequent changes in institutional regulations, complicated permitting procedures, a lot of expensive preparation of the initial and the main project, limited funds for investments in these projects; cost recovery assessment |