Table 8 Environmental impacts per year of the production and use of synthetic gasoline (gasoline from straw—“Straw”, gasoline from wood—“Wood”) and fossil gasoline (“Reference”)

Acidification

molc H + eq

3.93E + 06

3.74E + 06

3.35E + 06

3.30E + 06

4.49E + 06

4.40E + 06

Climate change

kg CO2 eq

5.14E + 08

4.79E + 08

4.54E + 08

4.38E + 08

1.35E + 09

1.25E + 09

Freshwater ecotoxicity

CTUe

3.25E + 10

3.23E + 10

3.20E + 10

3.19E + 10

3.15E + 10

3.06E + 10

Freshwater eutrophication

kg P eq

3.33E + 05

3.09E + 05

3.14E + 05

2.94E + 05

4.61E + 05

2.56E + 05

Human toxicity—carcinogenics

CTUh

1.01E + 02

9.84E + 01

9.52E + 01

9.38E + 01

9.83E + 01

8.59E + 01

Human toxicity—non-carcinogenics

CTUh

5.99E + 02

5.68E + 02

4.66E + 02

4.63E + 02

4.19E + 02

3.86E + 02

Ionizing radiaton—human health

kBq U235 eq

4.16E + 07

3.79E + 07

3.92E + 07

3.63E + 07

1.17E + 08

8.71E + 07

Marine eutrophication

kg N eq

8.30E + 05

7.67E + 05

6.50E + 05

6.34E + 05

7.19E + 05

6.64E + 05

Ozone depletion

kg CFC-11 eq

4.48E + 01

4.27E + 01

4.35E + 01

4.21E + 01

1.95E + 02

1.94E + 02

Particulate matter/Respiratory inorganics

kg PM2.5 eq

6.26E + 05

6.08E + 05

5.66E + 05

5.62E + 05

6.59E + 05

6.61E + 05

Photochemical ozone formation

kg NMVOC eq

3.22E + 06

3.03E + 06

3.19E + 06

2.69E + 06

3.03E + 06

3.00E + 06

Resource depletion—mineral, fossil and renewable

kg Sb eq

3.08E + 05

3.05E + 05

2.96E + 05

2.96E + 05

2.69E + 05

2.70E + 05

Terrestrial eutrophication

molc N eq

8.79E + 06

8.15E + 06

6.75E + 06

6.62E + 06

7.16E + 06

7.07E + 06