From: Optimal design for a hybrid microgrid-hydrogen storage facility in Saudi Arabia
System architecture | Capital cost (billion $) | NPC (billion $) | COE/kWh (S) | Operating cost (million $) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PV–Wind–Gen–ESS | 4.58 | 6.80 | 0.0993 | 151 |
Wind–Gen–ESS | 3.13 | 7.63 | 0.112 | 348 |
PV–Gen–ESS | 4.85 | 6.96 | 0.102 | 163 |
Gen–ESS | 1.15 | 9.38 | 0.137 | 637 |
Gen only | 0.650 | 13.0 | 0.190 | 957 |