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Table 5 Summary of key coefficients and conversion factors

From: Environmental and economic accounting for biomass energy in Ethiopia

Parameter

Unit

Firewood

Charcoal

Residues

Dung

References

Economic

Price

US$/t

24.52

326.7

12.26

76.46

[42,43,44]

Energy content

MJ/kg

15.60

29.50

11.60

11.60

[41]

Emission factor

CO2

kg/t

1747

3304

1160

1160

[41]

CH4

kg/t

4.68

5.90

3.48

3.48

[41]

N2O

kg/t

0.06

0.03

0.05

0.05

[41]

CO2eq

kg/t

1883

3460

1261

1261

[41]

CO

kg/t

41.90

180.40

101.20

33.80

[45]

PM

kg/t

2.45

1.95

7.10

2.93

[45]

  1. The price for crop residues is assumed to be 50% of firewood as in [49]. CH4 and N2O emissions are converted into carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq) using their global warming potentials of 25 and 298, respectively
  2. MJ megajoules, t tons, kg kilograms