Table 2 Typical working conditions and performance of waste heat recovery technologies
From: Sustainable energy recovery from thermal processes: a review
Technology | Working temperature (°C) | Source types | COP (−) | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
RC [39] | > 400 | High-pressure exhaust gas | 0.2–0.3 | Electricity |
ORC [40] | 200–450 | High-pressure exhaust gas | 0.05–0.2 | Electricity |
KC [31] | 200–400 | High-pressure exhaust gas | 0.08–0.27 | Electricity |
TEG [33] | 50–730 | – | 0.05–0.08 | Electricity |
TABC [41] | 200–300 | Steam or hot water | 1.4–1.7 | Cooling |
DABC [42] | 120–270 | Steam or hot water | 1.0–1.2 | Cooling |
SABC [41] | 80–120 | Steam or hot water | 0.6–0.8 | Cooling |
ADC [36] | 60–90 | Hot water | 0.4–0.6 | Cooling |
AHP [43] | 60–240 | Steam or hot water | 0.4–1.8 | Heating |
DH [43] | > 60 | Condensing heat or hot water |  > 0.8 | Heating |
VCHP [43] | 10–30 | Condensing heat | 3–5 | Heating |
SDD [37] | 50–70 | Hot water | 0.15–0.3 | Dehumidified air |