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Table 10 Estimated change the four indicators until 2050 considering different scenarios (own illustration)

From: Factors influencing the environmental and economic feasibility of district heating systems—a perspective from integrated spatial and energy planning

Scenarios

Energy consumption density until 2050

Annual full load hours until 2050

Variety of available heat sources until 2050

Temperature level until 2050

Density (building/population/workplaces)

+ 10%

± 0%

Increasing

No effect

Thermal insulation

− 15%

− 10%

Increasing

Decreasing

Climate change

− 10%

Increasing

Decreasing

Mix of functions/building type

± 0%

+ 20%

Increasing

Diverse

Total

− 16%

+ 8%

Increasing

Decreasing