Table 30 Targets relevant for renewable energy development [76]
Objectives appropriate for renewable power expansion and facilitating investments | China | India | USA |
|---|---|---|---|
NDC purpose | By 2030, an approx. 20% rise of non-fossil fuels in the primary energy mix, by 2030 carbon intensity of GDP lowered by 60% to 65% under the 2005 levels, by 2020, an approx. 10% rise of natural gas in the primary energy mix, latest by 2030, peak CO2 emissions. | By 2030, an approx. 40% rise of non-fossil fuels in the primary energy mix, by 2030, the carbon intensity of GDP lowered by 33% to 35% under the 2005 levels. | Reduce the emissions intensity of GDP by 26–28% by 2025 below 2005 levels (incl. LULUCF) and reduce the emissions intensity of GDP by 83% by 2050 below 2005 levels (excl. LULUCF- land use change and forestry) |
NDC implementation | In 2015, the installed renewable capacity (including hydro energy) in China amounted to 493 GW and it is planned in the thirteenth renewable energy development five year plan to achieve 680 GW by 2020. | It is recommended in the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) to achieve a 15% share of renewables power in the total power generation, and the National solar mission is targeting 175 GW by 2020. In the draft of the National Electricity Plan (2016), it is predicted that the share of the installed capacity (renewables, nuclear and hydro energy) of non-fossil fuels will reach 56.5% by 2026–2027. Furthermore, there will be a 20.3%, 24.2% share of renewables in energy production in 2021–2022 and 2026–2027, respectively. | The individual states power-sector associated emissions reduction cumulatively to 32% below 2005 levels by 2030 is described in the Clean Power Plan (CPP). |
On the route of reaching Paris promises | China is anticipated to accomplish its objectives with its contemporary policies. | India is anticipated to accomplish its objectives with its contemporary policies. | A closed-down Obama’s Clean Power Plan (CPP) could prevent the US growth for accomplishing its Paris Agreement objectives. Executive order to halt the CPP in March 2017 was signed by the new administration. |
Competence of policy | High | High | Low |
Reliability of policy | Very high | High | Low |
Nationwide investment circumstances | Medium | Very low | Medium |
On the path of approaching the Paris promises | Medium | Very low | High |