| Bioenergy | Biofuels (focus on biodiesel, bioethanol and biomethane) | Oilseed crops | LUC and ILUC | higha |
| Starch and sugar crops | Deforestation |
| Food price increase |
| Biodiversity loss (by expanding cultivation area and by intensification) |
| Water quality (leaching of nutrients) |
| Lignocellulosic energy crops | Deforestation | higha |
| Biodiversity loss (by expanding crop cultivation areas) |
| Wastes and residues | Creation of competing uses due to the introduction of strong policy incentives. | low |
| Heat & power | Lignocellulosic energy crops | Deforestation | medium to high |
| Heat (small scale units) | Lignocellulosic energy crops | Biodiversity loss (by expanding cultivation areas) |
| Air quality |
| Forestry | Buildings and industrial applications | Timber | Illegal logging causing deforestation | high |
| Biodiversity loss |
| Negative impacts on local communities (imported wood) |
| Paper and board | Labour conditions in producing countries |
| Construction | Construction materials, fibreboards, thermal insulation | Timber | Illegal logging causing deforestation | low to mediumb |
| Biodiversity loss |
| Non-certified import from other countries or poor certification processes |
| Negative impacts on local communities (at least on imported wood) |
| Fibre crops (hemp, flax) | Competition with food/feed production | low |
| Food & Feed | Plant-based food & feed | Grains Rice | Biodiversity loss | high |
| Soil erosion |
| Decrease in soil and water quality (nutrients leaching) |
| Impact of fertilisers and pesticides |
| | | Oilseed crops | LUC and ILUC causing deforestation | low to high |
| Sugar crops | Land use rights |
| | Higher food prices |
| Textiles | Garments, fabric, carpets, geotextiles, etc. | Cotton | High input of energy, water and agrochemicals | high |
| LUC and ILUC (cultivation) |
| Labour conditions in producing countries |
| Chemicals use and leakage (production) |
| Fibre crops (flax, hemp) | Competition with food/feed production | low |
| Wool | Competition with food/feed production | low |
| Labour conditions in producing countries |
| Chemicals and Plastics | Bioplastics, packaging materials, bottles, bags, mulch film, biolubricants, biopolymers | Starch and sugar crops | End of life & reuse | high |
| Oilseed crops | Same as bioenergy | same as bioenergy |
| Pharmacy | Medicine applications & pharmaceuticals | Plants | Chemical use and leakage (production) | medium |
| | Algae | | |
| Materials/ Products | Cardboard, filters, cords | Fibre crops (hemp, flax) | Competition with food/feed production | low |
| Biocomposites | Lignocellulosic crops | Same as bioenergy | same as bioenergy |
