Table 6 Composition and net calorific values of biomass from rushes compared to other common biomass-based fuels
From: The energy potential of soft rush (Juncus effusus L.) in different conversion routes
Kind of biomass | Crude ash (% DM) | Volatile matter (% oDM) | C-fix (% oDM) | Hi(wf) (MJ kg DM−1) | Hi (MJ kg FMw15−1) | Hi (kWh kg FMw15–1) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Herbaceous | Soft rush | 3.01 (0.02) | 80.59 | 19.43 (1.95) | 18.73 (0.14) [17.22]a | 15.06 | 4.18 |
Hay | 6.00 (0.26) | 79.71 | 20.29 (0.23) | 16.59 (0.19) | 14.10 | 3.92 | |
Straw | 8.35 (0.09) | 79.44 | 20.56 (0.35) | 16.60 (0.01) | 14.11 | 3.92 | |
Wood | Pine | 0.24 (0.05) | 82.23 | 17.77 (0.27) | 20.07 (0.19) | 15.96 | 4.43 |
Oak | 0.34 (0.13) | 78.87 | 21.13 (0.77) | 17.56 (0.23) | 14.92 | 4.15 | |