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Table 2 Policy targets, status of implementation and necessary expansion of onshore-wind energy by 2050 on different planning levels in Germany

From: How to achieve the climate targets? Spatial planning in the context of the German energy transition

LevelPolicy target for the expansion of wind energy by 2050 (installed cap.)Status of implementation in 2018 (installed cap.)Necessary expansion according to EE100 (installed cap.)
Nation137 GW150 GW2240 GW5
Lower Saxony (federal state)20 GW311 GW381 GW5
Hannover Region (region)1.15 GW4342 MW44.5 GW5
  1. 1German Renewable Energy Sources Act 2017 (EEG)
  2. 2BMWi Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (Hg) [25]
  3. 3Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Umwelt, Energie, Bauen und Klimaschutz (ed) [12]
  4. 4Klimaschutzagentur Region Hannover (ed) [37]
  5. 5Walter et al. [7]
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