Table 1 Items used to measure independent variables
Variable measured | Explanation and items |
|---|---|
Household_awareness | Households’ awareness of smart grid rooftop solar electricity |
 Awareness1 | 1. A smart grid rooftop solar electricity system will provide electricity for my family during the day |
 Awareness2 | 2. I will reduce my monthly electricity bill by installing a smart grid rooftop solar system |
 Awareness3 | 3. I believe that smart grid rooftop solar electricity will be the source of power in the future |
 Awareness4 | 4. A smart grid solar rooftop system can generate electricity in the winter |
 Awareness5 | 5. A smart grid rooftop solar system can increase the lifespan of the roof by protecting it from external factors |
Environmental_concern | The household’s concern about the environmental protection aspects of smart grid rooftop solar energy systems |
 Environmental_concerning1 | 1. Smart grid rooftop solar energy can help to protect the environment |
 Environmental_concerning2 | 2. If I instal a smart grid rooftop solar electricity system, I will contribute to the preservation of nature and humanity |
 Environmental_concerning3 | 3. The owner of a smart grid rooftop system can feel better because they do not harm the environment |
Household_innovativeness | The household’s innovativeness in relation to new energy resources |
 Household_innovativeness1 | 1. If I knew that a smart grid rooftop solar electricity system was available, I would be interested in trying it |
 Household_ innovativeness2 | 2. I have discovered more information about smart grid solar rooftop electricity installation services than my friends |
 Household_ innovativeness3 | 3. I would instal a smart grid rooftop solar system even though none of my friends had tried one before me |
Household_attitude | Attitude toward installing a rooftop solar electricity system |
 Household_attitude1 | 1. I believe that smart grid rooftop solar electricity is a good and reliable investment in the long-term |
 Household_attitude2 | 2. I believe that a smart grid rooftop solar electric system will raise the utility of my house |
 Household_attitude3 | 3. I believe that smart grid rooftop solar electricity can decrease global warming, so, it is good for the environment |
Government_incentive | Government incentives relating to smart grid rooftop solar electricity |
 Government_incentive1 | 1. I think that the Vietnamese government policies encouraging rooftop solar electricity are good |
 Government_incentive2 | 2. The government now provides a 20-year feed-in tariff to buy back electricity from rooftop PV at 9.35 US cent/kWh, which is attractive to me |
 Government_incentive3 | 3. I think that incentive policies for rooftop solar electricity will encourage people to instal rooftop solar electricity on their houses |
 Government_incentive4 | 4. I think that incentive policies for rooftop solar electricity will continue into the future |