Table 12 Normalized results for the consumer stakeholder group

11

Possibility of technology components to be reused for other purposes (circular economy)

Even though the topic of managing used solar panel components has recently developed, numerous studies have focused on the ability to improve the energy footprint of solar panels by enhancing solar panel recovery and recycling rates [86, 87]

13

Presence and quality of infrastructure to responsibly dispose of product components

By 2050, the U.S. is expected to have the greatest amount of solar waste, second only to China [130], so having an infrastructure in place is essential; the European Union has a [131] mandate for companies to safely dispose of solar panels [91]; the U.S. should consider such a strategy to promote responsible waste disposal methods

20

Technology is not expected to increase the energy burden

This depends on the strategy followed by lawmakers and by the private companies providing customers with rooftop solar panels; Solar photovoltaics can reduce energy burdens but only if barriers to adoption for low-income community members are eliminated or reduced; The Colorado Energy Office (CEO) program [96] showed energy burden reductions in 100% of the customers that adopted the technology

21

There is evidence that the product is safer than other products used for the same purpose (other energy generating sources)

Solar panel fires do happen, and they require firefighting personnel to get training in how to deal with fire emergencies for this new technology; as with any electricity-producing equipment, there is a risk of electronic shock [118]

22

Electricity consumers have a choice in the utility company that will provide the technology

The customers mostly have a choice among the companies that will install and maintain the rooftop solar system, not on the energy providers[121]

Average stakeholder group value

0.60