Table 3 Combined systems designed to recover waste heat energy
From: Sustainable energy recovery from thermal processes: a review
System(s) | A: Experimental analysis; B: Simulation analysis | Feature(s) | Product(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
ICE + ORC + KC [13] | Coupled (A & B) | 1. The combined cycle’s efficiency was 0.21; 2. Two different working fluids were considered | Electricity |
ICE + PERC + ORC + LNG [54] | B | 1. Six kinds of PRC working fluids were discussed; 2. PERC's exergoeconomic performance was better than the ORC and LNG system | Electricity and hot water |
GT + SAB + EC + PT [55] | B | 1. An optimal CCHP design was proposed; 2. Eight different application cases were employed to test the proposed system | Electricity, hot water, chilled water, and cool air |
ABC + transcritical CO2 cycle [56] | B | 1. The proposed system aimed to recover waste heat at 90–150 °C; 2. Two optimization strategies were employed to investigate optimal design | Electricity, chilled water |
ICE + QLC + ABC + CRS [57] | B | 1. The proposed novel trigeneration system included QLC system; 2. Parametric analysis of the proposed system was also performed | Electricity, hot water, chilled water |
A cascade ABC system [58] | B | 1. The proposed system consisted of an NH3–H2O and LiBr–H2O systems; 2. Maximum exergy efficiency was 0.23 | Chilled water |
A cascade ADC system [59] | B | 1. Five kinds of working pairs of the system were considered; 2. Maximum COP was 0.08 | Chilled water |
A cascade LDD system [60] | B | 1. 92.29% energy could be saved by employing the proposed system; 2. Payback period of the proposed system was 3.39Â years | Dehumidified air |
A cascade AHP system [61] | Coupled (A & B) | 1. Utilize waste hot water at 45 °C; 2. Heating COP was 1.77 | Hot water |
ICE + ABC + ORC [62] | B | 1. The model was developed based on MATLAB/SIMULINK platform; 2. Off-design performance of the proposed system was also discussed | Electricity, hot water, chilled water |
A cascade absorption–compression system [63] | B | 1. The proposed system was able to produce chilled water at -60 °C; 2. COP of the proposed system was 0.277 | Chilled water |
KC + ABC [64] | B | 1. A multi-objective optimization of the proposed system was investigated; 2. Life cycle time of the proposed system was assessed | Electricity, chilled water |
GT + ABC + ADC [65] | Coupled (A & B) | 1. The proposed system was able to produce potable water; 2. Cooling COP of the proposed ABC–ADC system was 0.59 | Electricity, hot water, chilled water, and potable water |