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Fig. 2 | Energy, Sustainability and Society

Fig. 2

From: Enhanced energy savings in enzymatic refining of hardwood and softwood pulp

Fig. 2

Laboratory refining data examining commercial enzyme formulations as well as enzyme synergisms using endoglucanase, β-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase II enzymes after 4000 and 6000 PFI refiner revolutions. a–d Show the results of the degree of refining and air permeability Bendtsen measurements of the complex enzyme formulations EnzA, EnzB, EnzC and the commercial endoglucanase FiberCare R on softwood pulp. In addition, the pure endoglucanases EndoA, EndoB, EndoC and synergistic effects through addition of β-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase II to EndoC were investigated, e–h show the results of the degree of refining and air permeability Bendtsen of enzyme formulations and pure endoglucanases on hardwood sulfate pulp. Degree of refining measurements were conducted according to ISO 5267–1:1999 and therefore no standard deviation is given. Data of hardwood pulp were modified from [30]. Statistical significance was tested using a single factor ANOVA test with a significance level of 0.05 (significantly different results are indicated by the letter s, not significantly different results by the letter n)

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