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Table 13 Foreign-exchange reserves regression analysis in Central Asian countries and Germany (2011–2021)

From: Energy security of the European Union and corruption in Central Asia as the main challenges for the European sustainable energy future

 

Kyrgyz Republic

Kazakhstan

Uzbekistan

Tajikistan

Turkmenistan

Germany

Intercept

− 1.4E + 11

− 1.2E + 12

− 2.36E + 12

− 3.3E + 11

1.18E + 11

− 1.8E + 12

X variable 1

7.1E + 07

6.07E + 08

1.186E + 09

1.63E + 08

− 4.9E + 07

9.83E + 08