A transition to battery electric vehicles without V2G: an outcome explained by a strong electricity regime and a weak automobility regime?

Table 1 Key characteristics of smart charging companies and the services they provide (no interviews with actors representing ‘added value to home charging’ were conducted)

Approach	Private consumers	Balancing grid	Physical installation	Own software	Included in interviews
Two-sided platform	Yes and No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Complement or alternative to grid expansion	No	No	Yes	No	Yes
Solution to rapid charging	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Added value to home charging	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No, but mentioned^a

^aActors representing this business approach were contacted, but no interviews were conducted

ISSN: 2192-0567