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Table 8 Impact of income growth on decision-making regarding specific energies for different types of use

From: Impact of energy affordability on the decision-making of rural households in ecologically fragile areas of Northwest China regarding clean energy use

Variable

Cooking

Heating

Producing hot water

T to E

T to G

T to E

T to G

T to E

T to G

T to S

B

EXP (B)

B

EXP (B)

B

EXP (B)

B

EXP (B)

B

EXP (B)

B

EXP (B)

B

EXP (B)

Income growth

0.076*** (0.002)

1.079

0.049*** (0.003)

1.050

0.071*** (0.003)

1.074

0.032*** (0.003)

1.032

0.052*** (0.002)

1.053

0.054*** (0.006)

1.055

0.036*** (0.002)

1.037

Gender

− 0.084 (0.070)

0.919

− 0.051 (0.087)

0.951

0.166** (0.078)

1.180

0.074 (0.110)

1.077

− 0.007 (0.072)

0.993

0.320* (0.190)

1.377

− 0.044 (0.070)

0.957

Age

− 0.166*** (0.057)

0.847

− 0.190*** (0.071)

0.827

− 0.091 (0.062)

0.913

− 0.075 (0.092)

0.928

− 0.074 (0.059)

0.929

0.007 (0.151)

1.007

0.056 (0.058)

1.058

Education

0.347*** (0.083)

1.415

0.043 (0.102)

1.044

0.100 (0.080)

1.105

− 0.745*** (0.142)

0.475

0.162* (0.089)

1.176

0.066 (0.209)

1.069

0.222*** (0.085)

1.249

Family size

− 0.008 (0.023)

0.992

− 0.119*** (0.029)

0.887

− 0.019 (0.025)

0.981

0.026 (0.037)

1.027

0.034 (0.024)

1.034

0.066 (0.060)

1.068

0.018 (0.024)

1.019

Income type

0.242*** (0.048)

1.274

0.465*** (0.059)

1.593

− 0.004 (0.055)

0.996

0.420*** (0.077)

1.522

0.253*** (0.049)

1.288

0.403*** (0.128)

1.496

0.508*** (0.047)

1.663

Income-level

0.284*** (0.039)

1.328

0.479*** (0.052)

1.614

0.607*** (0.044)

1.836

0.394*** (0.064)

1.484

0.157*** (0.040)

1.171

0.218** (0.107)

1.244

0.226*** (0.039)

1.253

Time dummy variable

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Area dummy variables

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Controlled

Cox and Snell R2

0.545

0.364

0.275

Nagelkerke R2

0.615

0.475

0.304

  1. *, * *, * * * indicate the 10, 5, and 1% significance levels, respectively; standard errors are in parentheses. The unit of income growth is 100 yuan, and the estimated coefficient in the report represents the impact of an income increase of 100 yuan on the probability of households opting for clean energy. T: traditional solid energy; E: electricity; G: gas; S: solar energy