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Table 1 Recommendations from the Advisory Council for Spatial Development, appointed by the Federal Ministry of the Interior (2021)

From: How Germany is phasing out lignite: insights from the Coal Commission and local communities

Recommendations from the Advisory Council for Spatial Development (2021)

New institutional arrangements

More collaboration between local stakeholders

Separate organization for each region is needed

New regional governance and coordination mechanisms (vertical & horizontal)

More participation from relevant and responsible federal ministries

Balanced strategy for establishment and decentralization of authorities and research institutions

Completely new holistic and integrative approach of “transformation planning”

Spillover effects for several regional contexts and issues of sustainable transformations

Detailed scientific monitoring of the transformative planning process in the regions