The role of renewable energy in the energy–growth–emission nexus in the ASEAN region

Table 6 Variance decomposition of LnPCCO₂

Period	∆PCCO₂	∆PCGDPR	∆POP	∆PCREC	∆PCEC
∆PCCO₂
2	99.28	0.35	0.05	0.08	0.25
4	98.52	0.44	0.59	0.09	0.36
8	97.54	0.51	1.45	0.11	0.39
12	96.94	0.56	1.99	0.12	0.40
∆PCGDPR
2	11.04	49.77	38.64	0.06	0.50
4	19.00	30.21	48.99	0.76	1.03
8	22.68	20.67	54.49	0.91	1.24
12	23.82	17.69	56.22	0.96	1.31
∆POP
2	11.64	2.33	84.38	1.39	0.27
4	18.58	3.68	75.86	1.23	0.65
8	22.38	4.46	70.97	1.19	1.00
12	23.58	4.71	69.42	1.18	1.11
∆PCREC
2	2.91	0.04	6.56	88.90	1.60
4	4.55	0.31	10.99	82.65	1.49
8	6.78	0.81	15.95	74.97	1.49
12	8.02	1.09	18.64	70.76	1.49
∆PCEC
2	8.57	2.93	4.98	36.86	46.66
4	10.63	3.32	9.49	33.63	42.93
8	12.59	3.59	15.25	30.11	38.47
12	13.61	3.73	18.34	28.23	36.09

PCCO₂: per capita CO₂ emissions; PCGDPR: per capita real GDP; PCGDPR²: the square of per capita real GDP; POP: population; REC: renewable energyconsumption; EC: energy consumption. Ln represents the logarithm. Fossil fuels include oil, coal, and gas. Renewable energy includes nuclear, hydro, wind,solar, geothermal, biomass in power and other renewable sources

ISSN: 2192-0567