Table 9 The long-run effects of renewable energy and economic growth on carbon emissions in the ASEAN countries
From: The role of renewable energy in the energy–growth–emission nexus in the ASEAN region
FMOLS | DOLS | |
|---|---|---|
CO2 emissions per capita | CO2 emissions per capita | |
GDP per capita | 0.883*** | 0.875*** |
(0.073) | (0.088) | |
Renewable energy | − 0.724*** | − 0.703*** |
(0.091) | (0.112) | |
Energy consumption | − 1.062*** | − 1.020*** |
(0.177) | (0.215) | |
Population | 0.377*** | 0.364*** |
(0.064) | (0.078) | |
Constant | − 7.052*** | − 6.983*** |
(0.903) | (1.099) | |
Observations | 149 | 147 |
Adjusted R2 | 0.756 | 0.955 |