Balancing the books: unveiling the direct impact of an integrated energy system model on industries, households and government revenues

Table 4 Percentage of electricity used in processes by industry

Industrial subsector	2020	2025	2030	2035	2040	2045	2050
Metal processing	1	3	6	12	17	24	32
Paper and paper products	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Non-ferrous metals	10	13	15	19	22	31	43
Machinery and equipment	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Chemicals	19	20	24	30	50	50	50
Glass and ceramics	12	14	25	62	78	88	93
Basic metal	42	53	65	75	82	88	92
Weighted average^a	13	15	19	25	36	40	40

^aThe weighted average is calculated by dividing the sum of the entire electricity used in the processes by the total electricity demand in the industry sector. Therefore, the weighted average does not refer to the weighted average of the seven industries shown in our paper but to the average of the total industry sector
Source: Own calculations based on [33] and §9a Electricity Tax Act

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