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Table 6 Assumed development of wholesale prices

From: Balancing the books: unveiling the direct impact of an integrated energy system model on industries, households and government revenues

[€/MWh]

2020

2030

2040

2050

Coal

6.3

7

6.9

6.7

Fuel oil

45.5

63.4

63.9

64.5

Gas

12.6

24.4

23.8

23.2

Syngas

310.1

290.1

270.2

258.9

Heat

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

Hydrogen

351.6

156.4

143.4

134.9

Electricity

50

69

69

66

  1. Sources: electricity price from scenario “TN Strom” [33]; natural gas price is a mean of the “stated policy” scenario and the “net zero” scenario of the IEA market projections of the World Energy Outlook [65]; gasoline, diesel and fuel oil: extrapolated the historical average price from 2019 [66] with the change rate for crude oil for the same scenarios of the World Energy Outlook as natural gas